What Is

A flat white is a small espresso-based drink (5–6 oz) made with a double ristretto or double espresso and velvety, thin microfoam — no thick foam layer. The ratio is roughly 1:2 to 1:3 espresso to milk, making it stronger and more concentrated than a latte. It sits between a cortado (1:1, very strong) and a latte (1:3–1:5, milkier) in terms of intensity. The defining feature is the microfoam: steamed to a silky, paint-like texture with minimal air — “flat” refers to this almost foam-free milk surface. ...

A cortado is a Spanish espresso drink made with equal parts espresso and warm, lightly textured milk — typically 2 oz of espresso and 2 oz of steamed milk, served in a 4 oz glass. The 1:1 ratio cuts the espresso’s acidity while keeping the coffee flavor dominant. The name “cortado” comes from the Spanish verb cortar — “to cut.” The milk cuts through the espresso’s acidity and bitterness without diluting it the way a latte would. ...